INDIA's ISRO-LIKE : DEEP OCEAN MISSION (DOM)

BACKGROUND

India is going to start 'ISRO-LIKE'  'Deep Ocean Mission'.

 As we know, ISRO Basic works are - Space Exploration, Gather Scientific Data,Launch Satellite etc. But Main element is 'Space Exploration'. Because  we think, we have explore Earth in all ways, Now way to Space.

 But This is not Truth

We know On Earth total 71% Water oceans, We have explored or mapped only 20% Oceans and More than 80% Oceans we have not explored, It's still unobserved , unmapped. 

This is as per report of 'National Ocean Service'

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/exploration.html (Link)

So To Explore OCEANS, India is going to start ISRO LIKE  DOM (DEEP OCEAN MISSION).

 Hence, Due to this reason 'Union Ministry of Earth Sciences' has unveiled blueprint of DOM (Deep Ocean Mission).

 The center has drawn up a five year, Rs 8000 crore plan to explore deep recesses of the ocean.


FEATURES OF MISSION

The focus of the mission will be on :
  • Deep Sea Mining.
  • Ocean Climate Change advisory services .
  • Underwater vehicles.
  • Underwater Robotics related technologies.
Two Key Projects planned under it include 
  • Desalination Power Plant powered by Tidal Energy
  • Submersible Vehicle that can explore depths of atleast 6000 Meters.
Desalination Plant  : We know we can't directly drink ocean water, it's very saline. So this Desalination Plant desalinize the ocean water. But To run this it needs energy..

 To run this Plant, we need OIL. So, This can be difficult concept for Indian Like Nation. Hence, a concept came to use Tidal Energy to run these plants. (By use of Tidal Waves)

But for this, we need to find  where the TIDAL Energy is more, and for what time it exists during the year and in which part.

 Including this, we need to do Mining also to explore mineral/metals.

 BUT WHERE INDIA CAN DO MINING


 India has it's own Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) spreads over 2.2 million sq. km. and It's still unexplored and unutilised. India's EEZ zone shown in MAP (In Sky Blue Colour) - which id dedicated to India and India can do mining and no one can interfere.

The Exclusive Economic Zones of India.

Along with this, India has been allocated the site of 75000 sq. Km in Central Indian Ocean Basin by United Nations International Sea Bed Authority for exploration of Polymetallic nodules (PMN).

 WHAT IS INTERNATIONAL SEA BED AUTHORITY(ISA)
ISA - 'International Sea Bed Authority' is a UN body set up to regulate the exploration and exploitation of marine non-living resources of oceans in international waters. 

It was established under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). 

Its headquarters are in Kingston, Jamaica.

Its mandate is to organize, regulate and control all mineral-related activities in the international seabed area beyond limits of exclusive economic zone, an area underlying most of world’s oceans. 

India actively contributes to the work of ISA. It was re-elected as a member of Council of ISA in 2016. India’s nominees on Legal and Technical Commission and Finance Committee of the ISA were also elected last year.

INDIA will DO the mining of POLYMETALLIC NODULES - But WHAT ARE POLYMETALLIC NODULES

These are basic kinds of rocks scattered on Sea Bed containing IRON, MAGNESE, COBALT & NICKEL.

HOW WILL THIS INDIA HELP?

 If we able to find only 10% of recovery of that large reserve  Then it can meet the energy requirement of India for the next 100 years. 

  • The project would have a huge impact for the benefit of the country’s deep ocean energy, deep sea fishing and minerals among others.
  • It will help India maintain its status of Pioneer Investor in deep sea exploration.
  • Information from deep-ocean exploration can help predict earthquakes and tsunamis and help in understanding how we are affecting and being affected by changes in Earth’s climate and atmosphere.
  • Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems can reveal new sources for medical drugs, food, energy resources, and other products.
     
For more information, you can access below links:

https://www.thebetterindia.com/154527/isro-indian-deep-ocean-mission-facts/

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/govt-plans-isro-like-ocean-mission/article24547834.ece

Above Information is as per as per data available in news till the date when I am posting this.

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